Improvised Land Mines

A land mine is an encased explosive charge buried just below the surface of the ground. It may be fired by the weight of vehicles or troops on it or by the passage of time or by remote control. Though improvised land mines in the form of buried artillery shells were used in World War I, particularly by the Germans against French and British tanks, the land mine only became important in World War II. Easily manufactured and transported, the weapon in a variety of types was sown in extensive minefields in Russia, in North Africa, and on the Western Front. Most early mines had circular or square metal cases, but to prevent magnetic detection later models are sometimes made of plastic. Land mines are typically used to disrupt or prevent the massed attack of tanks and/or infantry.

There are two basic types: antitank mines designed to destroy or damage vehicles, especially tanks; and lighter antipersonnel mines. A standard antitank mine contains about 5 kg (11 pounds) of explosives and weighs about 9 kg in all. Antipersonnnel mines, which can kill or wound soldiers upon exploding into many small fragments, usually contain less than 0.5 kg of explosives and can be detonated by a footstep on them. Land mines have been widely used since World War II, with increasing ingenuity going into both their design and their detection.

Learn how improvised land mines are constructed.

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